Estimation of genetic diversity and population genetic structure in Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. ex Schult. populations using DAMD and ISSR markers
Authors
Kanchana Vaishnav
Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India
Vandana Tiwari
Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India
Anjala Durgapal
Maharana Pratap Government Degree College, Nanakmatta, Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001 Uttarakhand India
Baleshwar Meena
CSIR-Traditional Knowledge Digital Library Unit, New Delhi, 110067 India
T Rana
Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India
Keywords:
DAMD, Gymnema sylvestre, Genetic diversity, ISSR, Population genetic structure
Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. ex Schult. is a well-known medicinal plant against diabetes in India. There is as such no organized cultivation in India, and the plant is still being collected from the wild for their therapeutic uses. It is, therefore, important to estimate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of G. sylvestre to ascertain the genetically diverse germplasm. The present study, therefore, was undertaken to analyze the genetic variability in 118 accessions belonging to 11 wild populations of G. sylvestre using directed amplification of minisatellite-region DNA (DAMD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR).
Results
The present genetic analyses of 11 populations with 25 markers (8 DAMD and 17 ISSR) revealed significant genetic diversity (H = 0.26, I = 0.40, PPL = 80.89%) at a species level, while the average genetic diversity at the population level was low. Among the 11 populations studied, PCH and UTK populations showed maximum genetic diversity, followed by KNR and AMB, while TEL population revealed the lowest genetic diversity. AMOVA and Gst values (0.18) revealed that most of the genetic variations are found within populations and very less among populations, and higher gene flow (Nm = 2.29) was found to be responsible for the genetic homogenization of the populations. The clustering pattern resulting from the UPGMA dendrogram was in congruence with STRUCTURE and PCoA, segregating all the 11 populations into two main genetic clusters: cluster I (populations of North and Central India) and cluster II (populations of South India). The clustering patterns obtained from all three statistical methods indicate that the genetic structure in G. sylvestre populations corresponds to the geographical diversity of the populations and represents a strong genetic structure.
Conclusion
The genetically diverse populations identified during the present study could be a potential genetic resource for further prospecting and conserving this important plant resource.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-023-00497-7.
Keywords: DAMD, Gymnema sylvestre, Genetic diversity, ISSR, Population genetic structure
Author Biographies
Kanchana Vaishnav, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India
Maharana Pratap Government Degree College, Nanakmatta, Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001 Uttarakhand India
T Rana, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 Uttar Pradesh India
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