Preprint / Version 1

Nymphoides peltata Root Extracts Improve Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating Skin Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Enzymes in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-Induced SKH-1 Hairless Mice

Authors

  • Tae-Young Kim Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
  • No-June Park Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
  • Hyun Jegal Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
  • Jin-Hyub Paik International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
  • Sangho Choi International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
  • Su-Nam Kim Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
  • Min Yang Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea

Keywords:

Nymphoides peltata, atopic dermatitis (AD), antioxidant, interleukin 4 (IL-4), immunoglobulin E (IgE), filaggrin, kallikrein related peptidase 5 (KLK5), trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)

Abstract

Nymphoides peltata is widely used pharmacologically in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic medicine as a diuretic, antipyretic, or choleretic and to treat ulcers, snakebites, and edema. Previous studies have shown that phytochemicals from N. peltata have physiological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-wrinkle properties. Nevertheless, research on the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effect of N. peltata extract is limited. This study was undertaken to assess the in vitro and in vivo anti-atopic and antioxidant activities of a 95% EtOH extract of N. peltata roots (NPR). PI-induced RBL-2H3 cells and two typical hapten mice (oxazolone-induced BALB/c mice and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced SKH-1 hairless mice) were used to investigate the effect of NPR extract on AD. The expressions of AD-related inflammatory cytokines, skin-related genes, and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed by ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence, and skin hydration was measured using Aquaflux AF103 and SKIN-O-MAT instruments. The chemical composition of NPR extract was analyzed using an HPLC-PDA system. In this study, NPR extracts were shown to most efficiently inhibit IL-4 in PI-induced RBL-2H3 cells and AD-like skin symptoms in oxazolone-BALB/c mice compared to its whole and aerial extracts. NPR extract markedly reduced DNCB-induced increases in mast cells, epidermal thickness, IL-4 and IgE expressions, and atopic-like symptoms in SKH-1 hairless mice. In addition, NPR extract suppressed DNCB-induced changes in the expressions of skin-related genes and skin hydration and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Three phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid) were identified by HPLC-PDA in NPR extract. The study shows that NPR extract exhibits anti-atopic activities by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress and improving skin barrier functions, and indicates that NPR extract has potential therapeutic use for the prevention and treatment of AD. Keywords: Nymphoides peltata, atopic dermatitis (AD), antioxidant, interleukin 4 (IL-4), immunoglobulin E (IgE), filaggrin, kallikrein related peptidase 5 (KLK5), trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)

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