Flowers and Inflorescences of Selected Medicinal Plants as a Source of Triterpenoids and Phytosterols
Authors
Pauline Tossa
Clermont Auvergne Institut National Polytechnique, SIGMA Clermont, Campus des Cézeaux CS 20265, 63178 Aubière, France; [email protected]
Morgan Belorgey
Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; [email protected]
Soyol Dashbaldan
School of Industrial Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 8th Khoroo, Baga Toiruu 34, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia; [email protected]
Cezary Pączkowski
Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
Anna Szakiel
Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
Steroids and triterpenoids are compounds valued for their various biological and pharmacological properties; however, their content in medicinal and edible plants is often understudied. Flowers have been consumed since the ancient times as a part of traditional cuisine and as alternative medicines. Currently, the interest in medicinal and edible flowers is growing since contemporary consumers are incessantly seeking innovative natural sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this report was the GC-MS (gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis of steroid and triterpenoid content in flowers, inflorescences and leaves of several plants (Berberis vulgaris L., Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC., Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill., Rosa rugosa Thunb., Sambucus nigra L. and Vinca minor L.), applied in herbal medicine in various forms, including isolated flowers (Flos), inflorescences (Inflorescentia) or aerial parts (Herba, i.e., combined flowers, leaves and stems). The most abundant source of triterpenoids was V. minor flowers (6.3 mg/g d.w.), whereas the steroids were prevailing in P. vulgaris flowers (1.8 and 1.1 mg/g). The profiles of triterpenoid acids and neutral triterpenoids in C. laevigata and S. nigra inflorescences were particularly diverse, involving compounds belonging to lupane-, oleanane- and ursane-type skeletons. The obtained results revealed that some flowers can constitute an abundant source of phytosterols and bioactive triterpenoids, valuable for utilization in functional foods, dietary supplements and cosmetic products.
Keywords: flowers, GC-MS analysis, inflorescences, medicinal plants, phytosterols, triterpenoids
Author Biographies
Pauline Tossa, Clermont Auvergne Institut National Polytechnique, SIGMA Clermont, Campus des Cézeaux CS 20265, 63178 Aubière, France; [email protected]
Investigation, Writing – original draft, Visualization
Morgan Belorgey, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; [email protected]
Investigation
Soyol Dashbaldan, School of Industrial Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 8th Khoroo, Baga Toiruu 34, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia; [email protected]
Investigation, Visualization
Cezary Pączkowski, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation
Anna Szakiel, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
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