Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin diseases due to its propensity to metastasize. Once diagnosed with metastatic melanoma, most patients will die of their disease within 2 years. As suppression of metastases requires long-term interventions, potential anti-metastatic agents must not only be efficacious but also have low toxicity. Many phytochemicals used in traditional medicine have low toxicity and recent studies suggest that some are promising candidates for the prevention or treatment of metastatic melanoma. Here, we review the recent literature regarding phytochemicals that have shown inhibitory effects on melanoma cell migration or invasion.
Keywords: Cyclooxygenase-2, Melanoma, Phytochemicals, Prostaglandins, β-Catenin
Author Biography
Santosh Katiyar, aDepartment of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
eBirmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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