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An Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Thai Traditional Polyherbal Recipe TPDM6315 in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and TNF-α-Induced 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Authors

Keywords:

Thai traditional recipe, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity-induced inflammation, nitric oxide inhibition, adiponectin, PPAR-gamma

Abstract

TPDM6315 is an antipyretic Thai herbal recipe that contains several herbs with anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity activities. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of TPDM6315 extracts in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and TNF-α-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and the effects of TPDM6315 extracts on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The results showed that the TPDM6315 extracts reduced the nitric oxide production and downregulated the iNOS, IL-6, PGE2, and TNF-α genes regulating fever in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The treatment of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes with TPDM6315 extracts during a differentiation to the adipocytes resulted in the decreasing of the cellular lipid accumulation in adipocytes. The ethanolic extract (10 µg/mL) increased the mRNA level of adiponectin (the anti-inflammatory adipokine) and upregulated the PPAR-γ in the TNF-α induced adipocytes. These findings provide evidence-based support for the traditional use of TPDM6315 as an anti-pyretic for fever originating from inflammation. The anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory actions of TPDM6315 in TNF-α induced adipocytes suggest that this herbal recipe could be useful for the treatment of metabolic syndrome disorders caused by obesity. Further investigations into the modes of action of TPDM6315 are needed for developing health products to prevent or regulate disorders resulting from inflammation. Keywords: Thai traditional recipe, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity-induced inflammation, nitric oxide inhibition, adiponectin, PPAR-gamma

Author Biographies

Phetpawi Subin, Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.L.)

Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Pattraporn Sabuhom, Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.L.)

Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Alisa Naladta, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; [email protected]

Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Prathan Luecha, Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.L.)

Validation, Writing – review & editing, Supervision

Somsak Nualkaew, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand; [email protected]

Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing, Supervision

Natsajee Nualkaew, Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.S.); [email protected] (P.L.)

Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition

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