HPLC-PDA Method for Quantification of Bioactive Compounds in Crude Extract and Fractions of Aucklandia costus Falc. and Cytotoxicity Studies against Cancer Cells
Authors
Anil Bhushan
Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Dixhya Rani
Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Misbah Tabassum
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Saajan Kumar
Drug Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
Prem Gupta
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Sumeet Gairola
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Ajai Gupta
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Prasoon Gupta
Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Aucklandia costus Falc. (Synonym: Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch.) is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae. The dried rhizome is an essential herb in the traditional systems of medicine in India, China and Tibet. The important pharmacological activities reported for Aucklandia costus are anticancer, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fatigue activities. The objective of this study was the isolation and quantification of four marker compounds in the crude extract and different fractions of A. costus and the evaluation of the anticancer activity of the crude extract and its different fractions. The four marker compounds isolated from A. costus include dehydrocostus lactone, costunolide, syringin and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde. These four compounds were used as standard compounds for quantification. The chromatographic data showed good resolution and excellent linearity (r2 ˃ 0.993). The validation parameters, such as inter- and intraday precision (RSD < 1.96%) and analyte recovery (97.52–110.20%; RSD < 2.00%),revealed the high sensitivity and reliability of the developed HPLC method. The compounds dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide were concentrated in the hexane fraction (222.08 and 65.07 µg/mg, respectively) and chloroform fraction (99.02 and 30.21 µg/mg, respectively), while the n-butanol fraction is a rich source of syringin (37.91 µg/mg) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (7.94 µg/mg). Further, the SRB assay was performed for the evaluation of anticancer activity using lung, colon, breast and prostate cancer cell lines. The hexane and chloroform fractions show excellent IC50 values of 3.37 ± 0.14 and 7.527 ± 0.18 µg/mL, respectively, against the prostate cancer cell line (PC-3).
Keywords: Aucklandia costus, RP-HPLC, quantification, linearity, dehydrocostus lactone, costunolide, syringin, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, SRB assay
Author Biographies
Anil Bhushan, Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Dixhya Rani, Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Misbah Tabassum, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Prem Gupta, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Sumeet Gairola, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Plant Science and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Ajai Gupta, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
Drug Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
Prasoon Gupta, Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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