Relaxant effects of Azadirachta indica A. Juss var. siamensis Valeton flower extract on isolated rat ileum contractions and the mechanisms of action
Authors
Acharaporn Duangjai
aDivision of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
Bey-Hing Goh
bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
Learn-Han Lee
bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
Surasak Saokaew
bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
Keywords:
Siamese neem, Ileum, l-name, Propanolol, CaCl2
Abstract
Azadirachta indica A. Juss var. siamensis Valeton or commonly known as Siamese neem is one of the most well-known plant in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relaxant effects of A. indica on isolated rat ileum contractions and its potential underlying mechanisms involved. The isometric contractions of ileum segments were investigated in organ baths for spontaneous activity and response to aqueous extract of Siamese neem flower (SNF). The spasmolytic action of the extract was also assessed on contraction induced by acetylcholine and high potassium. Our findings indicate that cumulative concentrations of SNF aqueous extract induced relaxant effect on spontaneous rat ileum contractions. The extract has also suppressed the cumulative concentration response curve for acetylcholine and pottasium ions-induced contraction. The presence and absence of propranol (antagonist of β-adrenergic receptor) and l-Name (antagonist of nitric oxide synthase) in SNF aqeous extract co-treatment demonstrated no significant different in term of contraction activity when compared to SNF extract treatment alone. The treatment of SNF extract caused a significant inhibition in tissue contraction stimulated by accumulation of calcium ions. Our results showed the relaxant effect of SNF aqueous extract on the isolated rat ileum. In short, the SNF aqueous extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on the spontaneous ileum contactions particularly on the contraction stimulated by acetylcholine and high potassium. The observed effect might acted through the modulation of calcium channels. This findings provide a pharmacological basis for the traditional use of SNF for the treatment of gastrointestinal spasms.
Keywords: Siamese neem, Ileum, l-name, Propanolol, CaCl2
Author Biographies
Acharaporn Duangjai, aDivision of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
Bey-Hing Goh, bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
cSchool of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Learn-Han Lee, bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
cSchool of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Surasak Saokaew, bCenter of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
dCenter of Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research (CPOR), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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