Pharmaceutical Standardization and Physicochemical Characterization of Traditional Ayurvedic Marine Drug: Incinerated Conch Shell (Shankha Bhasma)
Authors
Sandeep Chavan
Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Sonali Tayade
Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Vidya Gupta
CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; [email protected]
Vineeta Deshmukh
Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Sadanand Sardeshmukh
Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Natural resources such as plants, animals and minerals have always been used by mankind to develop drugs and marine world is no exception. Marine by-products like conches, pearls, mother of pearl shells, corals and so forth have been used by traditional Ayurvedic practitioners for centuries. The unique methods of these preparations are scientifically designed to eliminate unwanted impurities and convert them into bioavailable form. In this study, Conch (Xanchus pyrum) was used as a marine resource of calcium carbonate and was converted pharmaceutically from its aragonite form to calcite. All the steps of preparations and changes in the properties therein were documented and validated. Further, traditional as well as modern analytical tools were used to study its physical and chemical characters to develop a monograph. The physical characterization included particle size, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR). Metal composition and heavy metal limits were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICPOES). This study revealed the rearrangement of aragonite crystals into calcite form by grinding, trituration with aloe vera juice and incineration under controlled conditions. Moreover, the finished product was found to be devoid of organic matrix that is nacre. This study creates a foundation for the development of a master formula for commonly used Shankha Bhasma in Ayurvedic medicines.
Keywords: conch, incineration, Shankha Bhasma, pharmaceutical standardization, physico-chemical properties, calcium carbonate, calcite, aragonite, calcium group (Sudha varga) drugs
Author Biographies
Sandeep Chavan, Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Bhasma Section, Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Wagholi, Pune 412207, India
Sonali Tayade, Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Bhasma Section, Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Wagholi, Pune 412207, India
Sadanand Sardeshmukh, Drug Standardization Laboratory, Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust’s Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune 412207, India; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (V.D.)
Bhasma Section, Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Wagholi, Pune 412207, India
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