Standardization, anti-carcinogenic potential and biosafety of Indian propolis
Authors
Harshad Kapare
aDepartment of Quality Assurance Techniques, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
Sathiyanarayanan Lohidasan
bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
Arulmozhi Sinnathambi
cDepartment of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
Kakasaheb Mahadik
bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Erandwane, Pune 411038, India
Keywords:
Indian propolis, Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, Anticancer, HPLC
Abstract
Propolis from apiculture is known for wide range of medicinal properties owing to its vast chemical constituents including polyphenols, flavonoids and anticancer agent Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE).
Objectives
The objective of the study was to extract and standardize Indian propolis (IP) with respect to selected markers by newly developed High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, to evaluate in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity and biosafety of Indian propolis.
Materials and methods
IP was extracted, optimized and standardized using a newly developed and validated HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of caffeic acid, apigenin, quercetin and CAPE. The standardised ethanolic extract of IP (EEIP) was screened for in vitro cytotoxicity using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, in vivo anti-carcinogenic effect against Dalton’s Lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells, hemolytic effect and pesticide analysis.
Results
The EEIP was found to contain more amount of total flavonoids (23.61 ± 0.0452 mg equivalent of quercetin/g), total polyphenolics (34.82 ± 0.0785 mg equivalent of gallic acid/g) and all selected markers except caffeic acid compared to all other extracts. EEIP showed better anti-cancer potential than CAPE on MCF-7 and HT-29 cell line and significant (p < 0.01) in vivo anti-carcinogenic effects against DLA in comparison with 5-fluorouracil. EEIP was found to be non-hemolytic.
Conclusion
From in vitro cytotoxicity, in vivo anti-carcinogenicity and biosafety studies it can be concluded that the standardized EEIP is safe and can be considered for further development as a biomedicine.
Keywords: Indian propolis, Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, Anticancer, HPLC
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