The Genus Terminalia (Combretaceae): An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review
Authors
Xiao-Rui Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Joseph Kaunda
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Hong-Tao Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Dong Wang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Chong-Ren Yang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Ying-Jun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Keywords:
Terminalia, Combretaceae, Ethnomedicine, Traditional uses, Phytochemistry, Hydrolyzable tannins, Pharmacology
Abstract
Terminalia Linn, a genus of mostly medium or large trees in the family Combretaceae with about 250 species in the world, is distributed mainly in southern Asia, Himalayas, Madagascar, Australia, and the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Many species are used widely in many traditional medicinal systems, e.g., traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine, and Indian Ayurvedic medicine practices. So far, about 39 species have been phytochemically studied, which led to the identification of 368 compounds, including terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, simple phenolics and so on. Some of the isolates showed various bioactivities, in vitro or in vivo, such as antitumor, anti HIV-1, antifungal, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, diarrhea and analgesic. This review covers research articles from 1934 to 2018, retrieved from SciFinder, Wikipedia, Google Scholar, Chinese Knowledge Network and Baidu Scholar by using “Terminalia” as the search term (“all fields”) with no specific time frame setting for the search. Thirty-nine important medicinal and edible Terminalia species were selected and summarized on their geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry and related pharmacological activities.
Keywords: Terminalia, Combretaceae, Ethnomedicine, Traditional uses, Phytochemistry, Hydrolyzable tannins, Pharmacology
Author Biographies
Xiao-Rui Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
Joseph Kaunda, State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
Ying-Jun Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 People’s Republic of China
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 People’s Republic of China
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