Comparative Study of Piper sylvaticum Roxb. Leaves and Stems for Anxiolytic and Antioxidant Properties Through In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Approaches
Authors
Md Adnan
Department of Bio-Health Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.O.K.A.)
Young Lim
Department of Bio-Health Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.O.K.A.)
Md Chowdhury
Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh; [email protected] (S.D.G.); [email protected] (M.A.R.C.)
Shaibal Gupta
Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh; [email protected] (S.D.G.); [email protected] (M.A.R.C.)
Md Azad
Department of Bio-Health Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.O.K.A.)
Dong Cho
Department of Bio-Health Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.O.K.A.)
Piper sylvaticum Roxb. is traditionally used by the indigenous people of tropical and subtropical countries like Bangladesh, India, and China for relieving the common cold or a variety of chronic diseases, such as asthma, chronic coughing, piles, rheumatic pain, headaches, wounds, tuberculosis, indigestion, and dyspepsia. This study tested anxiolytic and antioxidant activities by in vivo, in vitro, and in silico experiments for the metabolites extracted (methanol) from the leaves and stems of P. sylvaticum (MEPSL and MEPSS). During the anxiolytic evaluation analyzed by elevated plus maze and hole board tests, MEPSL and MEPSS (200 and 400 mg/kg, body weight) exhibited a significant and dose-dependent reduction of anxiety-like behavior in mice. Similarly, mice treated with MEPSL and MEPSS demonstrated dose-dependent increases in locomotion and CNS simulative effects in open field test. In addition, both extracts (MEPSL and MEPSS) also showed moderate antioxidant activities in DPPH scavenging and ferric reducing power assays compared to the standard, ascorbic acid. In parallel, previously isolated bioactive compounds from this plant were documented and subjected to a molecular docking study to correlate them with the pharmacological outcomes. The selected four major phytocompounds displayed favorable binding affinities to potassium channel and xanthine oxidoreductase enzyme targets in molecular docking experiments. Overall, P. sylvaticum is bioactive, as is evident through experimental and computational analysis. Further experiments are necessary to evaluate purified novel compounds for the clinical evaluation.
Keywords: Piper sylvaticum, anxiolytic, antioxidant, molecular docking, phytochemistry
Author Biographies
Md Chowdhury, Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh; [email protected] (S.D.G.); [email protected] (M.A.R.C.)
Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
Shaibal Gupta, Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh; [email protected] (S.D.G.); [email protected] (M.A.R.C.)
Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong 4202, Bangladesh
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