Preprint / Version 1

Network pharmacology of AYUSH recommended immune-boosting medicinal plants against COVID-19

Authors

  • Pukar Khanal aDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
  • Taaza Duyu aDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
  • BM Patil aDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
  • Yadu Dey bSchool of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India
  • Ismail Pasha cDepartment of Pharmacology, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Asmara University, Asmara, Eritrea
  • Manish Wanjari dRegional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, 474009, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • Shailendra Gurav eDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Panji, Goa 403001, India
  • Arindam Maity bSchool of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India

Keywords:

AYUSH, COVID-19, Herbal tea, Immunity promotion

Abstract

The Ministry of AYUSH recommended the use of a decoction of the mixture of Ocimum tenuiflorum, Cinnamomum verum, Piper nigrum, Zingiber officinale, and Vitis vinifera as a preventive measure by boosting the immunity against the severity of infection caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The present study aimed to identify the probable modulated pathways by the combined action of AYUSH recommended herbal tea and golden milk formulation as an immune booster against COVID-19. Reported phytoconstituents of all the medicinal plants were retrieved from the ChEBI database, and their targets were predicted using DIGEP-Pred. STRING database and Cytoscape were used to predict the protein–protein interaction and construct the network, respectively. Likewise, MolSoft and admet SAR2.0 were used to predict the druglikeness score and ADMET profile of phytoconstituents. The study identified the modulation of HIF-1, p53, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, cAMP, Ras, Wnt, NF-kappa B, IL-17, TNF, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathways to boost the immune system. Further, multiple pathways were also identified which are involved in the regulation of pathogenesis of the multiple infections and non-infectious diseases due to the lower immune system. Results indicated that the recommended herbal formulation not only modulated the pathways involved in boosting the immunity but also modulated the multiple pathways that are contributing to the progression of multiple disease pathogenesis which would add the beneficial effect in the co-morbid patients of hypertension and diabetes. The study provides the scientific documentation of the role of the Ayurvedic formulation to combat COVID-19. Keywords: AYUSH, COVID-19, Herbal tea, Immunity promotion

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