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Evaluating phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities of Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum, and Porphyrostemma chevalieri extracts

Authors

  • Henry Mboni aLaboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Marie Faes bUnité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • Stéphanie Fraselle bUnité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • Moussa Compaoré cLaboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ERBO, 03 BP. 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
  • Bakari Salvius aLaboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Kahumba Joseph aLaboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Pierre Duez dService de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie, Université de Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
  • Lumbu Jean-Baptiste eService de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Caroline Stévigny bUnité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium

Keywords:

Porphyrostemma chevalieri, Antiplasmodial activity, Cytotoxicity, Plasmodium falciparum, Antioxidant activity, Phytochemical screening

Abstract

Introduction Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum and Porphyrostemma chevalieri are used against malaria in traditional medicine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). To evaluate their potential in the treatment of this disease, the in vitro antiplasmodial property of these four plants was evaluated. All experiments were conducted on methanolic extracts performed on selected organ parts of these plants. Methods The methanolic extracts, obtained by maceration, were firstly screened in vitro against the chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum strains by the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity, and on human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells by the MTT assay to determine their selectivity indices (SI). Secondly, the antioxidant activity of the same extracts was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. Finally, the presence of specific phytochemical constituents was evaluated using standard methods and tentatively identified by GC-MS. Results An optimum antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 3.4 ± 0.7 μg/mL, for 3D7, SI = 58.2; IC50 = 7 ± 1.0 μg/mL, for W2, SI = 28.3) was obtained with the leave extract of P. chevalieri. The leaves (for F. stigmatoloba and H. repandum), and the aerial part (for H. repandum) extracts showed promising and moderate antiplasmodial activities against respectively the 3D7 strain (IC50: <15 μg/mL), and W2 strain (IC50:15–50 μg/mL). All extracts presented a weak cytotoxic effect (IC50: >100 μg/mL) on HaCat cells. For the antioxidant test, the most interesting activity was obtained with the leaf extract of P. chevalieri. The GC–MS analysis of these four plants species extracts revealed the presence of various compounds, such as Ethyl 2-nonenoate, 2-(2-Hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-3,5,6-trimethyl pyrazine, Palmitic Acid, Ethyl palmitate, Ethyl linolenate, and N-Acetyltyramine. Conclusion Based on the obtained results, P. chevalieri could be selected for further investigations or ⁄and for the management of malaria after standardization. Keywords: Porphyrostemma chevalieri, Antiplasmodial activity, Cytotoxicity, Plasmodium falciparum, Antioxidant activity, Phytochemical screening

Author Biography

Henry Mboni, aLaboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo

bUnité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium

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