Curcumae Longae Rhizoma and Saussureae Radix Inhibit Nitric Oxide Production and Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Down-regulation
Authors
TAKASHI TANIKAWA
Laboratory of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
MASASHI KITAMURA
Laboratory of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
YASUHIRO HAYASHI
Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
TAKAMI YOKOGAWA
Laboratory of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
YUTAKA INOUE
Laboratory of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
Background/Aim: The cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor is an important regulator of immunoinflammatory responses. Crude drugs commonly used in Japanese traditional Kampo medicine have displayed anti-inflammatory effects; however, few studies have reported that these effects are mediated via CB2 receptor signaling. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate CB2 receptor-related anti-inflammatory regulation in crude drugs. Materials and Methods: The ethanol extracts of 34 crude drugs listed in the Japanese Pharmacopeia were tested, and the inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated in murine macrophage RAW 264 cells. Results: The extracts of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (dried rhizome of Curcuma longa) and Saussureae Radix (dried root of Saussurea lappa) significantly inhibited NO production and attenuated the LPS-induced decrease in CB2 receptor mRNA expression. Conclusion: Curcumae Longae Rhizoma and Saussureae Radix can modulate the CB2-receptor-related anti-inflammatory regulation in macrophages.
Keywords: Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, Saussureae Radix, nitric oxide, TLR4, CB2, RAW 264 cells
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