Preprint / Version 1

Benefits of Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for Women Health: An Up-Close and In-Depth Review

Authors

  • Sradhanjali Mohapatra Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected]
  • Ashif Iqubal Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected]
  • Mohammad Ansari Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; [email protected]
  • Bisma Jan Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected] (B.J.); [email protected] (S.Z.)
  • Sultan Zahiruddin Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected] (B.J.); [email protected] (S.Z.)
  • Mohd Mirza Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected]
  • Sayeed Ahmad Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected] (B.J.); [email protected] (S.Z.)
  • Zeenat Iqbal Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected]

Keywords:

menopause, postmenopausal syndrome, women health, black cohosh, cimicifuga racemose, mechanism of action, phytomedicines, clinical trials, patents, commercial products

Abstract

Women’s health is an imminent concern worldwide, but it remains an ignored segment of research in most developing countries, and is yet to take the center stage in even developed nations. Some exclusive female health concerns revolve around both pathological and physiological aspects. These gender-specific maladies include breast, cervical, and ovarian cancers, and physiological concerns such as menopause and osteoporosis, which are often coexistent. Recently, women’s health issues, including postmenopausal syndrome, have attracted the attention of researchers and practitioners alike, opening newer pharmaceutical research and clinical avenues. Although not counted as a disease, postmenopausal syndrome (PMS) is a female health phenomenon underpinned by hormonal depletion. Enhanced life expectancy in women has added to their suffering, and pharmacological interventions are needed. Amongst the available treatment modalities, the use of numerous botanicals has emerged as an efficient health management tool for women. Cimicifuga racemosa (CR or Black Cohosh) is a plant/herb which has been traditionally exploited and extensively used by women. This review is an attempt to compile and provide a summary of the importance of CR in complementary and alternative therapies for the improvement of various disorders related to women, such as menopausal syndrome, mammary cancer, and osteoporosis. It aims to systematically highlight the bioactive constituents, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic potentials, quality control processes, chromatographic techniques, and possible mechanisms of action of clinically effective phytomedicine for women’s health. Various clinical trials and patents relating to CR and women’s health have been collated. Furthermore, the plant and its related products have been considered from a regulatory perspective to reveal its commercial feasibility. The present review summarizes the existing data on CR focusing on women’s health, which can help to introduce this traditional phytomedicine to the world and provide some reference for future drug development. Keywords: menopause, postmenopausal syndrome, women health, black cohosh, cimicifuga racemose, mechanism of action, phytomedicines, clinical trials, patents, commercial products

Author Biography

Sradhanjali Mohapatra, Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected]

Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; [email protected] (B.J.); [email protected] (S.Z.)

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