A Rare Case of Domperidone-Induced Acute Dystonia in a Young Adult Due to Consumption of Combination Drug (Proton Pump Inhibitors With Domperidone) and Its Possible Pathomechanism
Authors
Bob Daripa
Internal Medicine/Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
Scott Lucchese
Neurology/Headache, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, USA
Keywords:
dopamine receptor super sensitivity, extra pyramidal syndrome, acute dystonia, proton pump inhibitors (ppis), drug induced dystonia (did), domperidone, d2 receptor antagonist
Abstract
Globally, a substantial number of people are tormented by dystonia. Domperidone, a D-2 receptor antagonist acts outside the blood-brain barrier in the brain stem as well as on the gastrointestinal tract. In India, domperidone is conveniently obtainable over the counter as a combination drug with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for dyspepsia and gastro-esophageal reflux disease. We present a rare case of domperidone-induced acute dystonia in a young adult presented within 72 hours after consuming two oral doses of this combination drug (PPIs with domperidone) for dyspepsia. Drug-induced extra pyramidal symptoms (EPS) are often misdiagnosed as some psychiatric condition and undoubtedly its expeditious diagnosis staves off unnecessary investigations and ameliorates prognosis. Our case ignites alertness amongst practitioners in India over the judicious use of PPIs with domperidone as the latter may trigger EPS. Such combination drugs can be prescribed if absolutely mandatory by the treating physician. The possible pathomechanism of this hyperkinetic motor phenomenon, perturbing the equilibrium of the cortical-subcortical circuit and resulting in an overflow of muscular activity, is attempted to be explained here, although the explicit mechanism is still blurry.
Keywords: dopamine receptor super sensitivity, extra pyramidal syndrome, acute dystonia, proton pump inhibitors (ppis), drug induced dystonia (did), domperidone, d2 receptor antagonist
Author Biographies
Bob Daripa, Internal Medicine/Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J. (Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy) Group of Government Hospitals, Mumbai, IND
Scott Lucchese, Neurology/Headache, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, USA
Neurology/Headache, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, USA
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