An exhaustive comprehension of the role of herbal medicines in Pre- and Post-COVID manifestations
Authors
Shiv Prajapati
aInstitute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
Akanksha Malaiya
bNanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
Gaurav Mishra
cInstitute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
Dolly Jain
dDepartment of Pharmacy, Oriental University, Indore, 453555, Madhya Pradesh, India
Payal Kesharwani
aInstitute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
Nishi Mody
fDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, 470003, MP, India
Amirhossein Ahmadi
gPharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48175866, Iran
Rishi Paliwal
bNanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
Ankit Jain
hDepartment of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has relentlessly spread all over the world even after the advent of vaccines. It demands management, treatment, and prevention as well with utmost safety and effectiveness. It is well researched that herbal medicines or natural products have shown promising outcomes to strengthen immunity with antiviral potential against SARS-COV-2.
Aim of the review: Our objective is to provide a comprehensive insight into the preventive and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines and products (Ayurvedic) for pre-and post-COVID manifestations.
Material and method
The database used in the text is collected and compiled from Scopus, PubMed, Nature, Elsevier, Web of Science, bioRxiv, medRxiv, American Chemical Society, and clinicaltrials.gov up to January 2022. Articles from non-academic sources such as websites and news were also retrieved. Exploration of the studies was executed to recognize supplementary publications of research studies and systematic reviews. The keywords, such as “SARS-COV-2, coronavirus, COVID-19, herbal drugs, immunity, herbal immunomodulators, infection, herbal antiviral drugs, and WHO recommendation” were thoroughly searched. Chemical structures were drawn using the software Chemdraw Professional 15.0.0.160 (PerkinElmer Informatics, Inc.).
Result
A plethora of literature supports that the use of herbal regimens not only strengthen immunity but can also treat SARS-COV-2 infection with minimal side effects. This review summarizes the mechanistic insights into herbal therapy engaging interferons and antibodies to boost the response against SARS-COV-2 infection, several clinical trials, and in silico studies (computational approaches) on selected natural products including, Ashwagandha, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Tulsi, etc. as preventive and therapeutic measures against COVID. We have also emphasized the exploitation of herbal medicine-based pharmaceutical products along with perspectives for unseen upcoming alike diseases.
Conclusion
According to the current state of art and cutting-edge research on herbal medicines have showed a significant promise as modern COVID tools. Since vaccination cannot be purported as a long-term cure for viral infections, herbal/natural medicines can only be considered a viable alternative to current remedies, as conceived from our collected data to unroot recurring viral infections.
Keywords: Coronavirus, Herbal medicine, Immunomodulation, Pharmaceutical product, SARS-COV-2
Author Biography
Dolly Jain, dDepartment of Pharmacy, Oriental University, Indore, 453555, Madhya Pradesh, India
eAdina College of Pharmacy, Sagar, 470002, MP, India
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