Accelerating effect of Shilajit on osteogenic property of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)
Authors
Parisa Kangari
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Leila Roshangar
Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Aida Iraji
Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Mahboobeh Razmkhah
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Keywords:
Osteogenic differentiation, Shilajit, Alginate, Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, Regenerative medicine
Abstract
Shilajit has been widely used remedy for treating a numerous of illness such as bone defects in Iran traditional folk medicine since hundreds of years ago. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of Shilajit on the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures.
Materials and methods
ASCs were seeded in 3D 1% alginate (Alg) hydrogel with or without Shilajit (500 µg/mL) and compared with 2D cultures. Then, characterization was done using electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining and Raman confocal microscopy.
Results
Adding Shilajit had no impact on the Alg scaffold degradability. In the 3D hydrogel and in the presence of osteogenic medium (OM), Shilajit acted as enhancer to increase ALP activity and also showed osteoinductive property in the absence of OM compared to the 2D matched groups at all time points (days 7 and 21 both P = 0.0006, for 14 days P = 0.0006 and P = 0.002, respectively). In addition, calcium deposition was significantly increased in the cultures exposed to Shilajit compared to 2D matched groups on days 14 (P < 0.0001) and 21 (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.003, respectively). In both 3D and 2D conditions, Shilajit induced osteogenic differentiation, but Shilajit/Alg combination starts osteogenic differentiation in a short period of time.
Conclusion
As Shilajit accelerates the differentiation of ASCs into the osteoblasts, without changing the physical properties of the Alg hydrogel, this combination may pave the way for more promising remedies considering bone defects.
Keywords: Osteogenic differentiation, Shilajit, Alginate, Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, Regenerative medicine
Author Biographies
Parisa Kangari, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Aida Iraji, Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Tahereh Talaei-Khozani, Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Mahboobeh Razmkhah, Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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