Astounding Health Benefits of Jamun (Syzygium cumini) toward Metabolic Syndrome
Authors
Maryam Rizvi
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Roshina Rabail
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Seemal Munir
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Muhammad Inam-Ur-Raheem
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Mir Qayyum
Department of Agriculture and Food Technology, Karakoram International University Gilgit Baltistan, Gilgit 15100, Pakistan
Marek Kieliszek
Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Syzygium cumini, also called Jamun, or black plum, is an excellent source of bioactive components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, antioxidants, iron, and vitamin C. The Jamun tree is a tropical evergreen blooming plant and is an important medicinal plant from the Myrtaceae family that has been used for a long time in Indian and other traditional medicines across the world. Jamun is mainly cultivated in Asian countries such as Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Since ancient medicine, it has been utilized to treat a variety of diseases and physiological conditions. Currently, it is mostly used as a medication to treat various metabolic issues, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, etc. Therefore, Jamun could serve a beneficial role against metabolic syndrome (MS). In this work, the latest available scientific literature on Jamun was collected and the clinical trials investigating its effect on diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hyperlipidemia were analyzed to find out how Jamun could improve the symptoms and biomarkers of MS. Overall, the results of this study found a significant association of Jamun with the prevention and treatment of these biomarkers of MS. In many studies, Jamun showed pharmacological modifications not only in MS but in many other diseases as well. Currently, its utilization as a folk medicine for the treatment of patients with MS is widely acknowledged. Hence, the findings of a large number of clinical studies confirmed the ameliorating effects of Jamun against MS due to its antioxidation, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation anticarcinogenic, and hyperlipidemic effects. More research is still needed to determine and identify the Jamun compounds and to elucidate their mechanisms of action that are responsible for these astounding bioactive properties and health benefits.
Keywords: Jamun, Syzygium cumin, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia
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