Dyslipidemia is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is characterised by elevated triglyceride, decreased HDL cholesterol, and increased small dense LDL cholesterol levels. The underlying causes appears to be associated with insulin resistance, increased free fatty acid reflux, and low-grade inflammation, resulting in increased hepatic lipogenesis, and altered lipoprotein metabolism. Improved glycaemic control has been shown to have a positive effect on lipoprotein levels in diabetics. This can be achieved through medications/therapeutics and life style changes. Several classes of pharmacologic agents are currently in use to treat dyslipidemia. However, they may have dangerous long-term side effects, including an increased risk of liver dysfunction, weight gain, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, stronger alternatives with fewer side effects are required to reduce the diabetes associated complications. Many secondary plant metabolites have been shown to improve glucose homeostasis and lower lipid levels. Aloe vera and its constituents have long been used in a traditional medicine system for a diverse range of biological activities, including hypoglycaemic, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effects through various mechanisms and they have been covered well in literature. However, studies on the potential role of Aloe vera in the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia are scanty. Therefore, in this systematic review, we focussed on the potential effect of Aloe vera and its active components in alleviating diabetic dyslipidemia, as well as their mechanism of action in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Keywords: Aloe vera, Diabetic dyslipidemia, Blood glucose levels, Triglycerides, VLDL
Abbreviations: A.vera, Aloe vera; ASCVD, Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; apoB, Apolipoprotein B; BAS, Bile acid sequestrants; CKD, Chronic kidney disease; CF, Carbohydrate fraction; CETP, Cholesterol ester transport protein; FBS, Fasting blood glucose; FFA, Free fatty acid; HOMA-β, Homeostatic model assessment β-cell function; HbA1C, Glycated haemoglobin; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IR, Insulin resistance; LDL-C, Low-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol; MNT, Medical nutrition therapy; PPF, Polypeptide fraction; PCSK9, Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 inhibitors; TG, Triglycerides; T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus; VLDL, Very low-density lipoprotein
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