Plant-Derived Products with Therapeutic Potential against Gastrointestinal Bacteria
Authors
Fatimah Qassadi
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Zheying Zhu
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Tanya Monaghan
NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Keywords:
plant-derived products, antibiotic resistance, new drug targets, gastrointestinal infections, clinical trials
Abstract
The rising burden of antimicrobial resistance and increasing infectious disease outbreaks, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, has led to a growing demand for the development of natural products as a valuable source of leading medicinal compounds. There is a wide variety of active constituents found in plants, making them an excellent source of antimicrobial agents with therapeutic potential as alternatives or potentiators of antibiotics. The structural diversity of phytochemicals enables them to act through a variety of mechanisms, targeting multiple biochemical pathways, in contrast to traditional antimicrobials. Moreover, the bioactivity of the herbal extracts can be explained by various metabolites working in synergism, where hundreds to thousands of metabolites make up the extract. Although a vast amount of literature is available regarding the use of these herbal extracts against bacterial and viral infections, critical assessments of their quality are lacking. This review aims to explore the efficacy and antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts against clinically relevant gastrointestinal infections including pathogenic Escherichia coli, toxigenic Clostridioides difficile, Campylobacter and Salmonella species. The review will discuss research gaps and propose future approaches to the translational development of plant-derived products for drug discovery purposes for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal infectious diseases.
Keywords: plant-derived products, antibiotic resistance, new drug targets, gastrointestinal infections, clinical trials
Author Biographies
Fatimah Qassadi, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Tanya Monaghan, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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