Therapeutic properties and pharmacological activities of asiaticoside and madecassoside: A review
Authors
Shinjini Bandopadhyay
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
José Lastra
Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas (CSIS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Jarosław Proćków
Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
Arabinda Ghosh
Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
Radha
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR – Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
Niraj Jha
Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
Mimosa Ghorai
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
Sujata Mandal
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
Abhijit Dey
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
Centella asiatica is an ethnomedicinal herbaceous species that grows abundantly in tropical and sub‐tropical regions of China, India, South‐Eastern Asia and Africa. It is a popular nutraceutical that is employed in various forms of clinical and cosmetic treatments. C. asiatica extracts are reported widely in Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional medicine to boost memory, prevent cognitive deficits and improve brain functions. The major bioactive constituents of C. asiatica are the pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides, asiaticoside and madecassoside, and their corresponding aglycones, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. Asiaticoside and madecassoside have been identified as the marker compounds of C. asiatica in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and these triterpene compounds offer a wide range of pharmacological properties, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, anti‐allergic, anti‐depressant, anxiolytic, antifibrotic, antibacterial, anti‐arthritic, anti‐tumour and immunomodulatory activities. Asiaticoside and madecassoside are also used extensively in treating skin abnormalities, burn injuries, ischaemia, ulcers, asthma, lupus, psoriasis and scleroderma. Besides medicinal applications, these phytocompounds are considered cosmetically beneficial for their role in anti‐ageing, skin hydration, collagen synthesis, UV protection and curing scars. Existing reports and experimental studies on these compounds between 2005 and 2022 have been selectively reviewed in this article to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous therapeutic advantages of asiaticoside and madecassoside and their potential roles in the medical future.
Keywords: asiaticoside, cardioprotective, Centella asiatica, madecassoside, neuroprotective, skin
Author Biography
Niraj Jha, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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