Questionnaire-Based Study of 392 Women in Abbottabad, Pakistan, to Evaluate the Types of Cosmetic Products Purchased Between December 2018 and March 2019 and Their Associated Adverse Events
Authors
Fatima Nisar
Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Wajid Syed
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Sana Samreen
Aurobindo College of Pharmacy, Warangal, Telangana, India
Ayesha Iqbal
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, University Park Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Qasim Khan
Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Hira Khan
Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havelian, Pakistan
Muhammad Iqbal
Internal Medicine Trainee, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
Hira Shahid
School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
Atif Ali
Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Mahmood Al-Rawi
Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Cosmetics, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Economics, Practice Valuation and Purchas
Abstract
Cosmetics are applied topically to enhance appearance and are commonly used by women of all ages. Cosmetics contain many chemical agents, but the incidence of adverse reactions is low, possibly due to underreporting. This questionnaire-based study included 392 women to evaluate information on the types of cosmetics purchased between December 2018 and March 2019, their use by the women surveyed, and their associated adverse events.
Material/Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 women in Abbottabad, Pakistan, using a pre-structured and validated questionnaire to evaluate information on the types of cosmetics, their use, and their associated adverse events. Part 1 of the study collected information about demographics. Part 2 contained a total of 11 items, and collected the frequency of use of cosmetic on skin and hair care products. Part 3 consisted of 4 items and collected information about problems encountered due to the use of cosmetics.
Results
In the winter season, 47.7% (n=187) of women preferred chemical-based cosmetic products, while 30.9% (n=121) preferred Ayurvedic products. Among commonly used cosmetic products, 26.9% (n=106) of women used foundations. The most frequently used skin care product was face wash 39.5% (n=155). The most prevalent adverse events related to cosmetics were pimples (19.9%, n=78), redness (17.6%, n=69), and eye discomfort (15.8%, n=62). Furthermore, 51.3% (n=201) strongly agreed that cosmetics aid in getting a whiter complexion.
Conclusions
The survey concluded that most women preferred cosmetics with a chemical base, which are associated with rashes, redness, and acne. It is important to encourage cosmetovigilance and awareness campaigns among cosmetic product sellers and users.
Keywords: Cosmetics, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Economics, Practice Valuation and Purchas
Author Biography
Ayesha Iqbal, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, University Park Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Office of Lifelong Learning and the Physician Learning Program, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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