Preprint / Version 1

Repeated 28-Day Oral Toxicological Study and Gastroprotective Effects of Nigella sativa L. Oil (Shuhada) against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats

Authors

  • Sineenart Sanpinit Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
  • Palika Wetchakul Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
  • Piriya Chonsut Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
  • Ngamrayu Ngamdokmai Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
  • Aktsar Ahmad Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
  • Sakan Warinhomhoun Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Keywords:

traditional Arabic and Islamic medicine, black cumin seed oil, thymoquinone, Quran, gastric ulcer, toxicity

Abstract

Nigella sativa L. and black seeds are traditionally used for cooking and medicinal purposes in Arab and other countries. Although N. sativa seed extract has many known biological effects, the biological effects of cold-pressed N. sativa oil are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the gastroprotective effects and subacute oral toxicity of black seed oil (BSO) in an animal model. The gastroprotective effects of oral BSO (50% and 100%; 1 mg/kg) were tested using acute experimental models of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. Gross and histological gastric lesions, ulcerated gastric areas, ulcer index score, percentage of inhibition rate, gastric juice pH, and gastric wall mucus were all evaluated. The subacute toxicity of BSO and its thymoquinone (TQ) content were also examined. The results indicated that the administration of BSO exerted gastroprotective effects by increasing the gastric wall mucus and decreasing gastric juice acidity. In the subacute toxicity test, the animals behaved normally, and their weight and water and food intake did not show significant variations. High-performance liquid chromatography detected 7.3 mg/mL TQ in BSO. These findings suggest that BSO may be a safe therapeutic drug for preventing gastric ulcers. Keywords: traditional Arabic and Islamic medicine, black cumin seed oil, thymoquinone, Quran, gastric ulcer, toxicity

Author Biographies

Sineenart Sanpinit, Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision

Palika Wetchakul, Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Visualization

Piriya Chonsut, Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Methodology

Ngamrayu Ngamdokmai, Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Methodology

Aktsar Ahmad, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar 90241, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Writing – review & editing

Sakan Warinhomhoun, Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Funding acquisition

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