Evaluations of Andrographolide-Rich Fractions of Andrographis paniculata with Enhanced Potential Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antihypertensive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
Authors
Sya’ban Adiguna
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Jonathan Panggabean
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Respati Swasono
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Siti Rahmawati
Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Fauzia Izzati
Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Asep Bayu
Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Masteria Putra
Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Carmen Formisano
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; [email protected]
Chianese Giuseppina
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; [email protected]
Keywords:
Andrographis paniculata, traditional Chinese medicine, andrographolide, anticancer, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is widely used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries. It has been classified as a safe and non-toxic medicine by traditional Chinese medicine. The investigation of the biological activities of A. paniculata is still focused on the crude extract and isolation of its main active compound, andrographolide, and its derivatives. However, the use of andrographolide alone has been shown to exacerbate unwanted effects. This highlights the importance of developing a fraction of A. paniculata with enhanced efficacy as an herbal-based medicine. In this study, the extraction and fractionation of A. paniculata, followed by quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a DAD detector, were established to quantify the andrographolide and its derivative in each fraction. Biological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities, were evaluated to study their correlations with the quantification of active substances of A. paniculata extract and its fractions. The 50% methanolic fraction of A. paniculata exhibited the best cytotoxic activities against CACO-2 cells, as well as the best anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activities compared to other extracts. The 50% methanolic fraction also displayed the highest quantification of its main active compound, andrographolide, and its derivatives, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, neoandrographolide, and andrograpanin, among others.
Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, traditional Chinese medicine, andrographolide, anticancer, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant
Author Biographies
Sya’ban Adiguna, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Conceptualization, Data curation
Jonathan Panggabean, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Conceptualization, Data curation
Respati Swasono, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.P.A.); [email protected] (J.A.P.); [email protected] (R.T.S.)
Writing – review & editing
Siti Rahmawati, Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Writing – review & editing
Fauzia Izzati, Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Investigation
Asep Bayu, Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Data curation
Masteria Putra, Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (F.I.); [email protected] (A.B.)
Writing – review & editing
Carmen Formisano, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; [email protected]
Writing – review & editing
Chianese Giuseppina, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; [email protected]
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